BEST WAY TO SAVE FILES AND NEVER LOOSE THEM FOR EVER

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  Some of our files like pictures, videos and others can be very important that loosing them can cause serious issues. I recalled when I and my collegue back then in undergraduate studies was to have a defense done on a Monday. A day before that day which was Sunday one of my colleagues was coming back to town to town. Sadly she got involved in a motor accident and her phone got damaged at the scene. She was having the soft copy of her work she will be presenting the next day in there but lost access to it. She had sleepless night as she started doing her work afresh. To her was just a night but to some other person may cause them more. Maybe you are working on a project that is very important or you have file that are very important e.g will, project, reciepts, contacts and others and you want to save them were they are always readily available, free from virus, flood, water etc. You are welcome and you're in the right place as this is what this post is all about.. Years ago I was...

TRYPANOSOMES: FEATURES AND STAGES OF GROWTH




Trypanosomes a species of parasites that infect both man and animals and cause a great disease called trypanosomiasis. They live in blood in vertebrate host and in the alimentary canal of blood sucking insects during their life cycle. They are transmitted by blood sucking dipterans of the dipteran of the genus Glossina (Tse-tse fly) They are distinguishable/identifiable with the following features:

1. Presence of flagellum that arise from a kinetosome that is located near the top of the kinetoplast.

2. Reproduction is asexual though recent findings shows their is sexual form of reproduction.

3. They exhibit different morphological form in different host at different stages of their life cycle, with each stage during a kinetoplast and a nucleus. The shape of the cell and the position of the kinetoplast in relation to the nucleus defines the cell. For instance:

1. Amastigote: It is round with a central nucleus that is inferior to the kinetoplast with a rudimentary flagellum.

2. Promastigote: it is cylindrical in shape with a central nucleus, anteriorly located kinetoplast from where a free-flowing flagellum arises.

3. Choanomastigote: it is cupcake with a central nucleus and is a superior kinetoplast. The free-flowing flagellum arises from the kinetoplast passing through a funnel shaped structure.

4. Epimastigote: it is similar to the promastigote. But the  kinetoplast is not located at the anterior end instead it is closely above the nucleus with a short undulating membrane and a free-flowing flagellum from the kinetoplast.

5. Opisthomastigote: it is cylindrical in shape. it lacks an undulating membrane and the kinetoplast is inferior to the nucleus and the flagellum runs out from the kinetoplast.

6. Trypomastigote: it is spindle in shape  (cylindrical) with a central nucleus and the kinetoplast is located at the posterior part with flagellum running posterio-laterally before trailing freely at the anterior end. This is a typical stage for trypasomes and they form the family Trypanosomatidae.



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